Identify one method used to disinfect drinking water.

Ultraviolet (UV) light treatment is an effective method used to disinfect drinking water. This method involves exposing water to UV light, which penetrates the cells of microorganisms, disrupting their DNA and preventing them from reproducing and causing illness. UV disinfection is advantageous because it does not introduce any chemicals into the water, thus maintaining the chemical composition of the water while effectively killing or inactivating bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.

While other methods such as chlorination, filtration, and boiling also serve to disinfect drinking water, they operate through different mechanisms. Chlorination involves adding chlorine to the water, which can leave a residual disinfectant but also introduces chemical byproducts. Filtration, on the other hand, removes particles and some microorganisms but may not eliminate all pathogens. Boiling is a physical process that can effectively kill pathogens but requires energy and time to heat the water to a rolling boil. Each method has its advantages and limitations, but UV light treatment is particularly noted for its chemical-free process and effectiveness in managing a broad range of microorganisms.