What does cathodic protection primarily prevent?

Cathodic protection is a technique used to control the corrosion of metal surfaces by making them the cathode of an electrochemical cell. This method is particularly effective for protecting submerged or buried metal structures, such as water tanks, pipelines, and other infrastructure that is exposed to moisture or soil conditions that can accelerate corrosion.

The primary benefit of cathodic protection is its ability to prevent corrosion on tank surfaces below the water line. In water tanks, the submerged portions of the tank are especially susceptible to corrosion due to exposure to water, electrolytic environments, and the potential presence of harmful bacteria or chemical reactions. By implementing cathodic protection, the integrity of these surfaces is maintained, significantly extending the lifespan of the structure.

While other options, such as growth of bacteria, scale build-up, and external contamination, are important issues within water systems, they are not directly addressed by cathodic protection. This technique focuses specifically on mitigating the effects of corrosion on metal surfaces, making it an essential practice in maintaining the safety and functionality of water infrastructure.