What is a cross connection in relation to a public water supply?

A cross connection refers specifically to a physical connection between a public water supply and a source of contamination or water of unknown quality. This situation creates a potential hazard for the public water system because if there is a drop in pressure in the water supply, contaminated water can siphon back into the potable water supply, leading to the risk of contamination.

Understanding the importance of maintaining the integrity of public water systems highlights the significance of identifying and mitigating cross connections to protect public health. Cross connections can exist from various sources, such as irrigation systems, fire protection systems, or industrial processes, underscoring the need for regular inspections and backflow prevention measures in municipal water systems.

While connections to secondary water sources, temporary maintenance connections, or treated wastewater can all exist in specific contexts within water management, they do not carry the same implications for public health and safety as a cross connection does.