What is the main effect of low dissolved oxygen levels in water?

Low dissolved oxygen levels in water critically impact aquatic ecosystems by harming aquatic life. Oxygen is essential for the survival of fish and many other forms of aquatic life. When dissolved oxygen concentrations drop, it can lead to hypoxia, a condition where organisms cannot get enough oxygen to breathe, which can result in stress or death, particularly for fish and invertebrates that rely on oxygen for survival.

This situation can disrupt food webs and lead to a decrease in biodiversity, as sensitive species may be unable to survive in low-oxygen conditions. The effects can cascade through the ecosystem, affecting not only the organisms that live in the water but also those that depend on them, including larger predator species, which may face food shortages.

Understanding the importance of dissolved oxygen is crucial for water quality management, as maintaining adequate levels is vital for the health of aquatic life and the overall balance of ecosystems.